以下文章来源于程序猿DD

正文

#shell 1 个

今天给大家分享9个实用的Shell脚本，建议收藏！

需要的时候可以直接拿出来用！

1. Dos 攻击防范（自动屏蔽攻击 IP）

   #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M) LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE |grep $DATE |awk ‘{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}’) for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c “$IP”) -eq 0 ]; then iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP echo “$(date +’%F_%T’) $IP” » /tmp/drop_ip.log fi done

2. Linux 系统发送告警脚本

   yum install mailx

   vi /etc/mail.rc

   set from=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp=smtp.163.com set smtp-auth-user=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp-auth-password=123456 set smtp-auth=login

3. MySQL 数据库备份单循环

   #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e “show databases;” 2>/dev/null |egrep -v “Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys”)

   for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -B $DB > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo “$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!” fi done

4. MySQL 数据库备份多循环

   #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e “show databases;” 2>/dev/null |egrep -v “Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys”)

   for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_DB_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE} [ ! -d $BACKUP_DB_DIR ] && mkdir -p $BACKUP_DB_DIR &>/dev/null TABLE_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e “use $DB;show tables;” 2>/dev/null) for TABLE in $TABLE_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DB_DIR/${TABLE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS $DB $TABLE > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo “$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!” fi done done

5. Nginx 访问访问日志按天切割

   #!/bin/bash LOG_DIR=/usr/local/nginx/logs YESTERDAY_TIME=$(date -d “yesterday” +%F) LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +”%Y-%m”) LOG_FILE_LIST=”default.access.log”

   for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME} done

   kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid)

6. Nginx 访问日志分析脚本

   #!/bin/bash

   日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” $status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” “$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”

   LOG_FILE=$1 echo “统计访问最多的10个IP” awk ‘{a[$1]++}END{print “UV:”,length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}’ $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr |head -10 echo “———————-“

   echo “统计时间段访问最多的IP” awk ‘$4>=”[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25” && $4<=”[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49”{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}’ $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr|head -10 echo “———————-“

   echo “统计访问最多的10个页面” awk ‘{a[$7]++}END{print “PV:”,length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}’ $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr echo “———————-“

   echo “统计访问页面状态码数量” awk ‘{a[$7” “$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}’

7. 查看网卡实时流量脚本

   #!/bin/bash NIC=$1 echo -e “ In —— Out” while true; do OLD_IN=$(awk ‘$0~”‘$NIC’“{print $2}’ /proc/net/dev) OLD_OUT=$(awk ‘$0~”‘$NIC’“{print $10}’ /proc/net/dev) sleep 1 NEW_IN=$(awk ‘$0~”‘$NIC’“{print $2}’ /proc/net/dev) NEW_OUT=$(awk ‘$0~”‘$NIC’“{print $10}’ /proc/net/dev) IN=$(printf “%.1f%s” “$((($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN)/1024))” “KB/s”) OUT=$(printf “%.1f%s” “$((($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT)/1024))” “KB/s”) echo “$IN $OUT” sleep 1 done

8. 服务器系统配置初始化脚本

   #/bin/bash

   设置时区并同步时间

   ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then (echo “* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1”;crontab -l) |crontab fi

   禁用selinux

   sed -i ‘/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}’ /etc/selinux/config

   关闭防火墙

   if egrep “7.[0-9]” /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld elif egrep “6.[0-9]” /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off fi

   历史命令显示操作时间

   if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then echo ‘export HISTTIMEFORMAT=”%F %T whoami “’ » /etc/bashrc fi

   SSH超时时间

   if ! grep “TMOUT=600” /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then echo “export TMOUT=600” » /etc/profile fi

   禁止root远程登录

   sed -i ‘s/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config

   禁止定时任务向发送邮件

   sed -i ‘s/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=””/’ /etc/crontab

   设置最大打开文件数

   if ! grep “* soft nofile 65535” /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then cat » /etc/security/limits.conf « EOF * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 EOF fi

   系统内核优化

   cat » /etc/sysctl.conf « EOF net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20 EOF

   减少SWAP使用

   echo “0” > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

   安装系统性能分析工具及其他

   yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if

9. 监控 100 台服务器磁盘利用率脚本

   #!/bin/bash HOST_INFO=host.info for IP in $(awk ‘/^[^#]/{print $1}’ $HOST_INFO); do USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP ‘ip==$1{print $2}’ $HOST_INFO) PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP ‘ip==$1{print $3}’ $HOST_INFO) TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP ‘df -h’ > $TMP_FILE USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk ‘BEGIN{OFS=”=”}/^\/dev/{print $NF,int($5)}’ $TMP_FILE) for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=} USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#=} if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then echo “Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!” fi done done